Breast Cancer Awareness
Breast cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form and grow uncontrollably in the breast tissue. Breast cancer occurs mainly in women and rarely in men. 1 in 8 women will be diagnosed with breast cancer in her lifetime, and although it is quite unlikely to prevent, it is imperative to be proactive. The first step to proactivity is to identify the signs and symptoms of breast cancer.

Signs & Symptoms
Different people have different symptoms of breast cancer while some people do not have any signs or symptoms at all.

Some of the signs of breast cancer include, but are not limited to

● New lump in the breast or underarm (armpit).
● Thickening or swelling of part of the breast.
● Irritation or dimpling of breast skin.
● Redness or flaky skin in the nipple area or the breast.
● Pulling in of the nipple or pain in the nipple area.
● Nipple discharge other than breast milk or blood.
● Changes in the size or the shape of the breast.
● Pain in any area of the breast.

The second step to being proactive in the fight against breast cancer is early detection. According to the American Cancer Society, when breast cancer is detected early, and is in the localized stage, the relative survival rate is 99%. Early detection includes monthly breast self-exams, and regular clinical breast exams and mammograms.

How to Schedule a Mammogram
A mammogram is an X-ray of the breast. Providers can use this test to look for early signs of breast cancer. Oftentimes, many women may become deterred and encounter obstacles when it comes to scheduling a mammogram. The testing process can be extensive. Before being able to schedule a mammogram, you might need a referral from a doctor if you are under the age of 40, have already received your annual screening mammogram for the year, have abnormal breast symptoms as the ones stated above, or have had breast cancer in the past. If you are 40 years old and above, simply seeking a screening mammogram, you will most likely not need a referral.

Types of Mammograms
There are two types of mammograms:

Screening mammogram: This is simply a yearly mammogram. Usually with this type of mammogram, you are not experiencing any signs and symptoms of breast cancer.

Diagnostic mammogram: This kind of mammogram may often be done after irregular findings in a routine screening mammogram. If you have continuous and persistent pain, a lump, discharge, or other concerns that need to be evaluated, you may be a candidate for this type of test.

References- https://www.nationalbreastcancer.org/how-to-schedule-a-mammogram/
https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/basic_info/symptoms.htm

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Lorraine Arkaifie, MSN, AGPCNP-BC

Founder & Director of Services at Adult Alternative Home Care

After completing nursing school in 2009, she worked as a Registered Nurse with the elderly in nursing homes, hospitals and in their homes. She went on to complete advance nurse training with a focus in Geriatrics. As she gained more clinical experience, she was encouraged to pursue her dreams of establishing a home care organization that will provide excellent services to members of her community. With over ten years clinical knowledge, she has perfected the skills to establish rapport and support of the frail and elderly we serve. She loves what she does and will love to help you or your loved ones get the care and support they need.

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